The worrying effects of working more and sleep less 英単語

投稿者: | 2017年7月7日

わからない単語を拾っていく。

http://www.bbc.com/capital/story/20170707-the-worrying-effects-of-working-more-and-sleeping-less

The pressure to work more and sleep less is driving a global epidemic with worrying consequences, says neuroscientist Matt Walker. He spoke to James Fletcher of The Inquiry podcast.

driving 駆り立てる 酷使する

epidemic はやりの 流行の

worring 厄介な

consequence 結果 成り行き

inquiry 質問

“Back in the 1940s people were sleeping on average just a little bit over eight hours a night, and now in the modern age we’re down to around 6.7, 6.8 hours a night,” says Matt Walker, professor of neuroscience and psychology at the University of California, Berkeley.

down to ~に至るまで

“So that’s a staggering loss of sleep within the space of just 70 years, we’re now almost at the stage where we’ve lopped off 20% of that.”

staggering  よろめく びっくりするほどの 驚異的な

lopped off ばっさりきる

For adults, the modern world is full of things which reduce sleep. Caffeine, which keeps us awake. Alcohol, which fragments our sleep and suppresses dreaming. And although we’ve improved the conditions for sleeping, with everything from better mattresses to smoke-free homes, our controlled environment may also have created problems, Walker says.

full of いっぱい

fragment ばらばらに

suppresses 抑える 抑制する

improved 改善する 向上させる

“One, which people may find surprising, is central heating and central air conditioning. So, when the sun sets, temperature drops dramatically and when the sun rises it starts to pick back up. Our bodies expect that beautiful thermal lull. And what we have done is dislocate ourselves from the natural ebb and flow that tells us when it’s time to sleep and actually helps us get to sleep.”

find surprising 驚くべき発見

sunset 日没 日の入り 夕焼け

dramatically 劇的に

pick 選択する

pick back up バックアップを取る

lull なだめる 静める

dislocate 調子を狂わせる 混乱させる

natural ebb 自然な落ち着き

And then there’s technology. No longer just artificial light, but all sorts of devices with LED screens, emitting a powerful form of blue light.

no longer ~ but ~ もはや~でなく~

“Now that blue light unfortunately will put the brakes on the release of a hormone called melatonin at night, and melatonin signals when you should sleep.

hormone ホルモン

“Technology also causes sleep procrastination. Midnight is the time when we think, well, we should probably send our last email, let me just check Facebook one more time.

procrastination 引き伸ばす

And to all this, we can add the modern offspring of the early rising movement – the economic and social pressure to work more, sleep less, and be more like some famous world leaders – including Donald Trump, Barack Obama and Margaret Thatcher – who have claimed to exist on five hours of sleep a night or less.

offspring 子孫

modern offspring 現代の子孫

claim to 主張する

But should we be aspiring to be more like George W. Bush, who reportedly went to bed around 9pm and got as much as nine hours sleep each night?

aspring 脂肪

shold we 我々がすべき

“Based on probably about 10,000 research study papers now. The number of people who can survive on six hours of sleep or less and show no impairment, rounded to a whole number and expressed as a per cent, is zero.”

probadly 多分

survive 長生きする

no impairment 減損のない

Professor Walker says with anything less than seven hours’ sleep, we start to see health consequences.

consequences 結果

“Every major disease that is killing us in the developed world: Alzheimer’s, cancer, obesity, diabetes, anxiety, depression, suicidality. All of them have direct now and very strong causal links to deficient sleep.”

disease 疾患

obesity 肥満

diabetes 糖尿病

anxiety 不安

depression うつ病

suicidality 自殺

casual links 因果関係

deficient 不十分な

Pocket

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