わからない単語を拾っていく。
http://www.bbc.com/capital/story/20170707-the-worrying-effects-of-working-more-and-sleeping-less
The pressure to work more and sleep less is driving a global epidemic with worrying consequences, says neuroscientist Matt Walker. He spoke to James Fletcher of The Inquiry podcast.
driving 駆り立てる 酷使する
epidemic はやりの 流行の
worring 厄介な
consequence 結果 成り行き
inquiry 質問
“Back in the 1940s people were sleeping on average just a little bit over eight hours a night, and now in the modern age we’re down to around 6.7, 6.8 hours a night,” says Matt Walker, professor of neuroscience and psychology at the University of California, Berkeley.
down to ～に至るまで
“So that’s a staggering loss of sleep within the space of just 70 years, we’re now almost at the stage where we’ve lopped off 20% of that.”
staggering よろめく びっくりするほどの 驚異的な
lopped off ばっさりきる
For adults, the modern world is full of things which reduce sleep. Caffeine, which keeps us awake. Alcohol, which fragments our sleep and suppresses dreaming. And although we’ve improved the conditions for sleeping, with everything from better mattresses to smoke-free homes, our controlled environment may also have created problems, Walker says.
full of いっぱい
fragment ばらばらに
suppresses 抑える 抑制する
improved 改善する 向上させる
“One, which people may find surprising, is central heating and central air conditioning. So, when the sun sets, temperature drops dramatically and when the sun rises it starts to pick back up. Our bodies expect that beautiful thermal lull. And what we have done is dislocate ourselves from the natural ebb and flow that tells us when it’s time to sleep and actually helps us get to sleep.”
find surprising 驚くべき発見
sunset 日没 日の入り 夕焼け
dramatically 劇的に
pick 選択する
pick back up バックアップを取る
lull なだめる 静める
dislocate 調子を狂わせる 混乱させる
natural ebb 自然な落ち着き
And then there’s technology. No longer just artificial light, but all sorts of devices with LED screens, emitting a powerful form of blue light.
no longer ~ but ~ もはや～でなく～
“Now that blue light unfortunately will put the brakes on the release of a hormone called melatonin at night, and melatonin signals when you should sleep.
hormone ホルモン
“Technology also causes sleep procrastination. Midnight is the time when we think, well, we should probably send our last email, let me just check Facebook one more time.
procrastination 引き伸ばす
And to all this, we can add the modern offspring of the early rising movement – the economic and social pressure to work more, sleep less, and be more like some famous world leaders – including Donald Trump, Barack Obama and Margaret Thatcher – who have claimed to exist on five hours of sleep a night or less.
offspring 子孫
modern offspring 現代の子孫
claim to 主張する
But should we be aspiring to be more like George W. Bush, who reportedly went to bed around 9pm and got as much as nine hours sleep each night?
aspring 脂肪
shold we 我々がすべき
“Based on probably about 10,000 research study papers now. The number of people who can survive on six hours of sleep or less and show no impairment, rounded to a whole number and expressed as a per cent, is zero.”
probadly 多分
survive 長生きする
no impairment 減損のない
Professor Walker says with anything less than seven hours’ sleep, we start to see health consequences.
consequences 結果
“Every major disease that is killing us in the developed world: Alzheimer’s, cancer, obesity, diabetes, anxiety, depression, suicidality. All of them have direct now and very strong causal links to deficient sleep.”
disease 疾患
obesity 肥満
diabetes 糖尿病
anxiety 不安
depression うつ病
suicidality 自殺
casual links 因果関係
deficient 不十分な